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股票影响因素预测模型

发布时间: 2022-03-28 03:29:07

A. 财务管理:从股票估价的基本模型分析影响股票价值的因素有哪些

决定股票价值最重要的一点是公司收益 而决定公司股票价格的是投资者对公司收益的预期 即在未来很长一段时间内都将维持高盈利水平的公司,如果市场上对应的股票相对较低(市盈率低于每股收益增长率) 此为低估

税后利润的多少 现金流量的多少 存货的多少 是考察增长型公司的标准之一 建议参考财务报表之类的书籍了解存货与现金的关系

公司资产涉及到隐性资产与非隐性资产。 有隐性资产的公司可不考虑盈利水平长期持有
公司总资产越多负债越少说明公司的生存能力。 而短期负债与短期现金流关系说明公司短期偿债能力,等等这些都是公司经营水平的体现。也可一定程度上体现出行业能暖。

股息是公司对股东的回报,股息率越高说明公司每年对投资者给予的回报越多。如果一个公司常年赚钱却不分红有三种可能 1 公司持续高增长需要投资 2 公司管理层对投资者回报毫不在意 3 公司大股东与管理层存在利益输送。 如果一个公司常年不赚钱却依然分红,也表明了许多,不再一一赘述

综上所述 股息税后利润,存货,公司资产,现金流等是财务报表中比较重要的几项,这几项是帮助你更好地了解公司的运营情况,公司的盈利水平,以及以后的发展方向。 这些数据与每股收益增长率是相辅相成的。

B. 股票的预测模型有哪些

股票的预测模型:
1、净现金流量折现法;
2、投资机会折现法;
3、股利折现法;
4、盈余折现法;
除此之外,想了解更多的股票类的知识,可以下载财源滚滚APP软件,系统学习下

C. 根据CAPM模型,影响特定股票预期收益率的因素有( )。

1.CAPM模型的形式。
E(Rp)=Rf+β([(RM)-Rf]
其中 β=Cov(Ri,Rm)/Var(Rm)
E(Rp)表示投资组合的期望收益率,Rf为无风险报酬率,E(RM)表示市场组合期望收益率,β为某一组合的系统风险系数,CAPM模型主要表示单个证券或投资组合同系统风险收益率之间的关系,也即是单个投资组合的收益率等于无风险收益率与风险溢价的和。

所以选ABC

D. 预测股票时数学模型怎么把经济形式等因素考虑上去

这个是考虑不了,股市有自己内在的调整规律,道氏理论的一个观点就是市场指数会反映每一条信息 ,在市场中,人们每天对于诸如财经政策、扩容、领导人讲话、机构违规、创业板等层出不尽的题材不断加以评估和判断,并不断将自己的心理因素反映到市场的决策中。所以市场已经反应了经济形势,股市是经济的晴雨表,股市先于经济表现。

E. 急急急!!!利率变动对股市影响的数学公式(数学模型也可以)

没有公式,你看下面的信息自己做一个正反比例的模型,然后倒入这几年的经济数据拟合吧!!
(参考资料,英文中文都有)

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一般理论上来说,利率下降时,股票的价格就上涨;利率上升时,股票的价格就会下跌。因此,利率的高低以及利率同股票市场的关系,也成为股票投资者据以买进和卖出股票的重要依据。

利率对于股票的影响可以分成三种途径:

一是利率变动造成的资产组合替代效应,利率变动通过影响存款收益率,投资者就会对股票和储蓄以及债券之间做出选择,实现资本的保值增值。

通过资产重新组合进而影响资金流向和流量,最终必然会影响到股票市场的资金供求和股票价格。利率上升,一部分资金可能从股市转而投向银行储蓄和债券,从而会减少市场上的资金供应量,减少股票需求,股票价格下降;反之,利率下降,股票市场资金供应增加,股票价格将上升。

二是利率对上市公司经营的影响,进而影响公司未来的估值水平。

贷款利率提高会加重企业利息负担,从而减少企业的盈利,进而减少企业的股票分红派息,受利率的提高和股票分红派息降低的双重影响,股票价格必然会下降。相反,贷款利率下调将减轻企业利息负担,降低企业生产经营成本,提高企业盈利能力,使企业可以增加股票的分红派息。受利率的降低和股票分红派息增加的双重影响,股票价格将大幅上升。

三是利率变动对股票内在价值的影响。

股票资产的内在价值是由资产在未来时期中所接受的现金流决定的,股票的内在价值与一定风险下的贴现率呈反比关系,如果将银行间拆借、银行间债券与证券交易所的债券回购利率作为参考的贴现率,则贴现率的上扬必然导致股票内在价值的降低,从而也会使股票价格相应下降。股指的变化与市场的贴现率呈现反向变化,贴现率上升,股票的内在价值下降,股指将下降;反之,贴现率下降,股价指数上升。

以上的传导途径应该是较长的一个时期才能体现出来的,利率调整与股价变动之间通常有一个时滞效应,因为利率下调首先引起储蓄分流,增加股市的资金供给,更多的资金追逐同样多的股票,才能引起股价上涨,利率下调到股价上涨之间有一个过程。如我国央行自1996年5月以来的八次下调存款利率,到2002年1年期定期储蓄存款的实际收益率只有1.58%。在股票价格在较长时间内持续上涨的情况下,股票投资的收益率远远高于存款的报酬率,一部分储蓄存款转化为股票投资,从而加快了储蓄分流的步伐。从我国居民储蓄存款增长率来看,1994年居民储蓄存款增长率45.6%,之后增幅连年下滑,而同一时期股票市场发展迅速,1999年下半年开始储蓄分流明显加快,到2000年分流达到顶点,同年我国居民储蓄存款增长率仅为7.9%。这一年股票市场也牛气冲天。2001年储蓄分流则明显减缓,增长率14.7%,居民储蓄倾向增强。2001年股市波动性加大,股价持续几个月的大幅回调,则是2001年储蓄分流减缓、居民储蓄存款大幅增加的主要原因之一。

另外,利率对于企业的经营成本影响同样需要一个生产和销售的资本运转过程,短时间内,难以体现出来。因此,利率和股票市场的相关性要从长期来把握。

实际上,就中长期而言,利率升降和股市的涨跌也并不是简单的负相关关系。就是说,中长期股价指数的走势不仅仅只受利率走势的影响,它同时对经济增长因素、非市场宏观政策因素的反应也很敏感。如果经济增长因素、非市场宏观政策因素的影响大于利率对股市的影响,股价指数的走势就会与利率的中长期走势相背离。

典型如美国的利率调整和股市走势就出现同步上涨的过程。1992年至1995年美元加息周期中,由于经济处于稳步增长阶段,逐步收紧的货币政策并未使经济下滑,公司盈利与股价走势也保持了良好态势,加息之后,股票市场反而走高,其根本原因是经济增长的影响大于加息的影响。

我国从1996年5月进入降息周期的拐点。股指也进入上升周期。利率与股指的走势发生了5年的负相关关系。但2001年在利率没有进入升息周期的情况下,股指开始了下跌的趋势。分析其原因,我国非市场宏观政策因素的影响大于利率对股市的影响。人们对非流通的国有股将进入市场流通的担心和恐惧导致了股市投资的风险和收益发生了非对称的变化。从这个角度来看,由于我国目前非市场宏观政策因素仍然有比较大的不确定性,所以利率对股市的影响不能够成为我们研究和预测股市中长期走势的主要因素。

就短期而言,我国利率的变动对股价的走势很难判断存在相关性。利率调整当天和随后的股价波动并不能说明二者之间有何必然的联系。从当前股市的状况分析,很明显也和利率的走势不符合理论上的负相关性。股票市场的低迷更多地被归结为上市公司的质量以及诸多体制性问题和投资者信心问题。因此,在看待我国加息预期对于股票市场的影响时,还要考虑其他诸多因素,而不能简单从前文所述的理论关系来判断。利率只是影响股市的因素之一,而不是惟一决定因素。因此,我们不能唯利率升降是从,要具体分析,何况即使利率上升,股市也并不是就完全没有投资机会。(

Interest rates. Most people pay attention to them, and they can impact the stock market. But why? In this article, we'll explain some of the indirect links between interest rates and the stock market and show you how they might affect your life.

The Interest Rate
Essentially, interest is nothing more than the cost someone pays for the use of someone else's money. Homeowners know this scenario quite intimately. They have to use a bank's money (through a mortgage) to purchase a home, and they have to pay the bank for the privilege. Credit card users also know this scenario quite well - they borrow money for the short term in order to buy something right away. But when it comes to the stock market and the impact of interest rates, the term usually refers to something other than the above examples - although we will see that they are affected as well. (To read more, see Who determines interest rates?)

The interest rate that applies to investors is the U.S. Federal Reserve's federal funds rate. This is the cost that banks are charged for borrowing money from Federal Reserve banks. Why is this number so important? It is the way the Federal Reserve (the "Fed") attempts to control inflation. Inflation is caused by too much money chasing too few goods (or too much demand for too little supply), which causes prices to increase. By influencing the amount of money available for purchasing goods, the Fed can control inflation. Other countries' central banks do the same thing for the same reason.

Basically, by increasing the federal funds rate, the Fed attempts to lower the supply of money by making it more expensive to obtain.(To see more on the Federal Reserve, read Get To Know The Major Central Banks, The Fed Model And Stock Valuation: What It Does And Does Not Tell Us and Formulating Monetary Policy.)

Effects of an Increase
When the Fed increases the federal funds rate, it does not have an immediate impact on the stock market. Instead, the increased federal funds rate has a single direct effect - it becomes more expensive for banks to borrow money from the Fed. However, increases in the discount rate also cause a ripple effect, and factors that influence both indivials and businesses are affected.

The first indirect effect of an increased federal funds rate is that banks increase the rates that they charge their customers to borrow money. Indivials are affected through increases to credit card and mortgage interest rates, especially if they carry a variable interest rate. This has the effect of decreasing the amount of money consumers can spend. After all, people still have to pay the bills, and when those bills become more expensive, households are left with less disposable income. This means that people will spend less discretionary money, which will affect businesses' top and bottom lines (that is, revenues and profits).

Therefore, businesses are also indirectly affected by an increase in the federal funds rate as a result of the actions of indivial consumers. But businesses are affected in a more direct way as well. They, too, borrow money from banks to run and expand their operations. When the banks make borrowing more expensive, companies might not borrow as much and will pay a higher rate of interest on their loans. Less business spending can slow down the growth of a company, resulting in decreases in profit. (For extra reading on company lending, read When Companies Borrow Money.)

Stock Price Effects
Clearly, changes in the federal funds rate affect the behavior of consumers and business, but the stock market is also affected. Remember that one method of valuing a company is to take the sum of all the expected future cash flows from that company discounted back to the present. To arrive at a stock's price, take the sum of the future discounted cash flow and divide it by the number of shares available. This price fluctuates as a result of the different expectations that people have about the company at different times. Because of those differences, they are willing to buy or sell shares at different prices.

If a company is seen as cutting back on its growth spending or is making less profit - either through higher debt expenses or less revenue from consumers - then the estimated amount of future cash flows will drop. All else being equal, this will lower the price of the company's stock. If enough companies experience a decline in their stock prices, the whole market, or the indexes (like the Dow Jones Instrial Average or the S&P 500) that many people equate with the market, will go down. (To learn more, check out Why Do Markets Move?, Forces That Move Stock Prices and What causes a significant move in the stock market?)

Investment Effects
For many investors, a declining market or stock price is not a desirable outcome. Investors wish to see their invested money increase in value. Such gains come from stock price appreciation, the payment of dividends - or both. With a lowered expectation in the growth and future cash flows of the company, investors will not get as much growth from stock price appreciation, making stock ownership less desirable.

Furthermore, investing in stocks can be viewed as too risky compared to other investments. When the Fed raises the federal funds rate, newly offered government securities, such Treasury bills and bonds, are often viewed as the safest investments and will usually experience a corresponding increase in interest rates. In other words, the "risk-free" rate of return goes up, making these investments more desirable. When people invest in stocks, they need to be compensated for taking on the additional risk involved in such an investment, or a premium above the risk-free rate. The desired return for investing in stocks is the sum of the risk-free rate and the risk premium. Of course, different people have different risk premiums, depending on their own tolerance for risk and the company they are buying. However, in general, as the risk-free rate goes up, the total return required for investing in stocks also increases. Therefore, if the required risk premium decreases while the potential return remains the same or becomes lower, investors might feel that stocks have become too risky, and will put their money elsewhere.

Interest Rates Affect but Don't Determine the Stock Market
The interest rate, commonly bandied about by the media, has a wide and varied impact upon the economy. When it is raised, the general effect is to lessen the amount of money in circulation, which works to keep inflation low. It also makes borrowing money more expensive, which affects how consumers and businesses spend their money; this increases expenses for companies, lowering earnings somewhat for those with debt to pay. Finally, it tends to make the stock market a slightly less attractive place to investment.

Keep in mind, however, that these factors and results are all interrelated. What we described above are very broad interactions, which can play out in innumerable ways. Interest rates are not the only determinant of stock prices and there are many considerations that go into stock prices and the general trend of the market - an increased interest rate is only one of them. Therefore, one can never say with confidence that an interest rate hike by the Fed will have an overall negative effect on stock prices.

F. 股票的影响因素有哪些

这个问题很深奥啊,首先从大的方向来讲,股票的最大影响因素取决于公司的营收状况,就像现在的苹果当之无愧的全球赚钱大王,也是当值无愧的七千亿美金市值。其次就是一些其他因素,譬如天气,为什么呢,有些农业相关的上市公司,受天气的影响特别大,还有像卖伞的上市公司他们的营收很大一部分取决于天气好坏,这种例子很多的,另外就是政策,以比亚迪为例,近些年比亚迪因为电动汽车的开发,得到了政府很多补贴,他们自然受到的营收空间就大很多了。还有像领导层、新开发业务、新闻舆论导向、以及股市的当下行情等都会影响股票。这是基于基本面分析法做出的,结论。如果说是技术分析法会给你讲一堆看线的技巧,虽然是自己骗自己的但是我们也不得不把这些相信技术分析法的人考虑在内,因为他们的每一次出手也会影响股价。

G. 怎么预测这支股票涨跌,是什么因素在左右股票

本质上来看,股票就是一种“商品”所以它价格的多少由内在价值(标的公司价值)所决定,而且起伏不会特别大,而是围绕着它的价值上下波动。
普通商品的价格波动和股票的价格波动一样,会受到市场上供给与需求的影响。
就像猪肉,市场上需要很多猪肉的时候,供不应求,那价格就会上升;当猪肉产量不断增加,猪肉供给过剩,那必然会降低价格。
对于股票来说:10元/股的价格,50个人卖出,但市场上有100个买,那另外50个买不到的人就会以11元的价格买入,股价就会因此得到提高,反之就会导致股价下降(由于篇幅问题,这里将交易进行简化了)。
在日常生活中,买卖双方的情绪会受到很多事情的影响,可能使供求关系变化,其中会产生重大影响的因素有3个,下面来详细说明一下。
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一、股票涨跌的原因有哪些呢?
1、政策
行业或产业的发展,离不开国家政策的指导,比如说新能源,现在国家对新能源产业的扶持力度越来越大,对相关企业、产业都有一定的支持,比如补贴、减税等。
这就招来大量的市场资金,尤其是相关行业板块和上市公司,是重点挖掘对象,最后引起股票的涨跌。
2、基本面
用长期的目光看,市场的走势和基本面相同,基本面向好,市场整体就向好,比如说疫情后我国经济回暖,企业盈利增加,这样一来股市也变得景气。
3、行业景气度
这个比较关键,我们都知道股票的涨跌,是不会脱离行业走势的,行业的景气度和公司股票挂钩,行业景气度好,公司股票就好,比如上面说到的新能源。
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二、股票涨了就一定要买吗?
对于股票,许多人都只是刚接触到,一看某支股票涨势大好,赶紧买上几万块,结果跌的那个惨啊,被狠狠的套住了。其实股票的变化起伏可以进行短期的人为控制,只要有人持有足够多的筹码,一般来说占据市场流通盘的40%,就可以完全控制股价。如果你现在是刚入门的股票新手,优先选择长期持有龙头股进行价值投资,避免短线投资被占了便宜。吐血整理!各大行业龙头股票一览表,建议收藏!

应答时间:2021-09-23,最新业务变化以文中链接内展示的数据为准,请点击查看

H. 股票价值评估的模型有哪些分别适用于哪些情况,在实际操作中需要注意什么问题

股票价值评估分以下几种模型:

1.DDM模型(Dividend discount model /股利折现模型)
2.DCF /Discount Cash Flow /折现现金流模型)
(1)FCFE ( Free cash flow for the equity equity /股权自由现金流模型)模型
(2)FCFF模型( Free cash flow for the firm firm /公司自由现金流模型)
DDM模型
V代表普通股的内在价值, Dt为普通股第t期支付的股息或红利,r为贴现率
对股息增长率的不同假定,股息贴现模型可以分为
:零增长模型、不变增长模型(高顿增长模型)、二阶段股利增长模型(H模型)、三阶段股利增长模型和多元增长模型等形式。
最为基础的模型;红利折现是内在价值最严格的定义; DCF法大量借鉴了DDM的一些逻辑和计算方法(基于同样的假设/相同的限制)。
1. DDM DDM模型模型法(Dividend discount model / Dividend discount model / 股利折现模型股利折现模型)
DDM模型
2. DDM DDM模型的适用分红多且稳定的公司,非周期性行业;
3. DDM DDM模型的不适用分红很少或者不稳定公司,周期性行业;
DDM模型在大陆基本不适用;
大陆股市的行业结构及上市公司资金饥渴决定,分红比例不高,分红的比例与数量不具有稳定性,难以对股利增长率做出预测。
DCF 模型
2.DCF /Discount Cash Flow /折现现金流模型) DCF估值法为最严谨的对企业和股票估值的方法,原则上该模型适用于任何类型的公司。
自由现金流替代股利,更科学、不易受人为影响。
当全部股权自由现金流用于股息支付时, FCFE模型与DDM模型并无区别;但总体而言,股息不等同于股权自由现金流,时高时低,原因有四:
稳定性要求(不确定未来是否有能力支付高股息);
未来投资的需要(预计未来资本支出/融资的不便与昂贵);
税收因素(累进制的个人所得税较高时);
信号特征(股息上升/前景看好;股息下降/前景看淡)
DCF模型的优缺点
优点:比其他常用的建议评价模型涵盖更完整的评价模型,框架最严谨但相对较复杂的评价模型。需要的信息量更多,角度更全面, 考虑公司发展的长期性。较为详细,预测时间较长,而且考虑较多的变数,如获利成长、资金成本等,能够提供适当思考的模型。
缺点:需要耗费较长的时间,须对公司的营运情形与产业特性有深入的了解。考量公司的未来获利、成长与风险的完整评价模型,但是其数据估算具有高度的主观性与不确定性。复杂的模型,可能因数据估算不易而无法采用,即使勉强进行估算,错误的数据套入完美的模型中,也无法得到正确的结果。小变化在输入上可能导致大变化在公司的价值上。该模型的准确性受输入值的影响很大(可作敏感性分析补救)。

I. 股票的预测模型有哪些

Miller and Modigliani(1961)四个定价模式
1.净现金流量折现法
2.投资机会折现法
3.股利折现法
4.盈余折现法
市场实务(本益比、市价净值比等)倍数还原法
自由现金流量法(Free Cash Flow Method)
市场效率假说
CAPM模型与APT模型等

你是指上述之评价模式吗

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