股票市場英語文章

A. 急求英語作文 股票的利弊

A stock market can change your life, and makes a giant gnome. There is, Bill Gates and warren buffett, li, LiuYuanSheng near the YangHuiYan, ma, shi yuzhu has, liu fang, because they are from, and increase market share envied virtues.
Second, the stock market is like a big stage drama, daily astounding tragicomedy. Actors don't need more makeup, acting, can fry are the star. Despite the tragedy figures than comedy character, but tragedy than play well.
Third, fry is a noble profession. Contemporary folk yue: first-class professional fry stock, secondary vocational and professional advertising street name. Third-class Don't make the vendors, medicine.hurry fry two play.
Four, the stock market is the spiralling, can make a person to get rich quick. Shake it and courage and strength; luck, Don't shake, money of leaves will fall in your head.
Five, the stock market full of philosophy, the static and dynamic can tell you, pleasure and pain, rich and poor, and the philosophy of life and death. Choose to think, fry with the philosopher.
Six, the market can temper one's will, make the person is strong, even to cut meat will utter on Saturday, as the war with the enemy tortured and never renegade underground workers.
Seven, fry is full of excitement, can smoke in the war and peace through baptism, "television, sound", "was", good KuHao cool!
Eight, buy stocks is bought in the future, who does not wish a better tomorrow? Youth without regrets, the future, I take money betting priceless tomorrow, value!
Nine, fry, the game is wise to have high culture, review and profound theory. Don't believe the fund manager at least, why are eligible to dr ma, natural materials shall bear my Fried.
Ten, the stock market full of imagination. Don't think of things, not dare to think, dare do make money, have imagination can make paper money.
11 and market can widen again obtain employment channels, alleviate employment pressure.
Twelve, fry equates to patriotism. The government from stock financing billions every year. Millions of people have donated money for helping soes into the Treasury, stamp ty.
13 and stock elixir, especially the lonely, indifference, selfish and alzheimer's disease. Want to say goodbye to cancer, please.
14, fry can prevent crime, especially the gambling. Fry stock, PaiJiu kumite mahjong tyre was not interested.
15 and fry QianTiaoWanTiao reason, but ultimately only one: right! Fry
Don't fry 35 reason
A stock is a big dye VAT, and if you don't care who put in hand, you will lose. If want to wash, also won't wash clean. Want to JieShenZiHao, please don't fry.
Second, the stock market risk, it is not only will your riches sinister, lane is bad also forfeits his hide.
Third, market with "black" words are too much. The black box and shady, black, black, black... Howl, if you don't, please don't fry colluding.
Four, the stock market is sometimes tell. False performance, false report, reorganization, are false, Big, big and silly, greed, big, Fry, except as stir-fry air, jiaogechan enpty hands. Stir-fry high price is very beautiful, and performance of listed companies, and total salary 1300 yuan only two cents, you get to repay, you believe or not.
Five, the stock market is not fair. As you see firsthand material retail, hear a information, not even see the first-class service, market even didn't have to sit bench. Fry is asking for SINS.
Six, investors identity meanness. Nine people, people who? Calculate only nine etc. "DengWaiPin" outside, millions of people are not even a association, like into hangxiao that fraud, collective action, the court is not accepted.
Seven, the stock market is the department, you put money machine, others without proving am can carry away, and not dozen receipt. Sing a song is so: please take me to your home, stock, please leave your money. Will money or stocks, please choose!
Eight, fry with gambling, and most easily knoe corruption. Banker like "cheat" perspective, wear contact lens, visible, a large number of small organ, you still dare to fry?
Nine, fry is broken families. A man should not wife, family shares by more and more weak, fry stock is the radiant party.
Ten, exchange, good and evil people mixed up, old crowded, people often not to many places, the easiest to cut the purse.
11 and fry as "religious", GuPingGu superstition, superstition of subjects, such as magic, the man went into a believer.
Twelve, fry, if not, is the lowest level of career. As a modern ShunKouLiu can find work, only the stocks, the unit after class, the stock market had mixed.
13 and fry can make people, all the investors for the old stock depth, no less money hold-op smitten, but didn't earn less wrinkles.
14 and fry diseases, especially hypertension can stroke hysteria, etc. Now, in the public eloquent speaker, but is no longer sell leather is the plaster investors.
15, can be addictive, fry the intense dependence, 1 don't fry, moment seems like three years. Suggest the government offered by compulsory quit shares, to save slip investors.

中文翻譯：
一、股市能改變人生，使侏儒變成巨人。遠的有巴菲特、比爾·蓋茨、李嘉誠、劉元生，近的有楊惠研、馬雲、史玉柱、劉芳、李予成，他們都因股票市值劇增而受人羨慕景仰。
二、股市像一個大舞台，每日上演著轟轟烈烈的悲喜劇。演員不用化妝，更毋需演技，能炒就是明星。盡管悲劇人物多於喜劇角色，但悲劇總比沒有劇好。
三、炒股是一種高尚的職業。當代民謠曰：一流職業炒股票，二流職業做廣告，三流職業滿街叫。不想做叫賣的攤販，請來炒兩把玩玩。
四、股市是棵搖錢樹，能使人快速致富。搖動它，全憑力氣勇氣加運氣；不搖，鈔票般的樹葉不會掉在你頭上。
五、股市充滿了哲學，能告訴你靜與動、苦與樂、窮與富、生與死的哲理。選股要作思考狀，炒股者跟哲學家沒兩樣。
六、股市能磨煉人的意志，使人堅強，即使割肉斷臂也不會吭上一聲，如同戰爭年代面對敵人嚴刑拷打也永不變節的地下工作者。
七、炒股充滿了刺激，能在和平年代經受戰火與硝煙的洗禮，時而「亮劍」，時而吹響「集結號」，好酷好爽呀！
八、買股票就是買未來，誰不願明天更美好？青春無悔，未來無價，我拿金錢賭明天，值！
九、炒股是智者的游戲，要有很高的文化修養，股評理論高深莫測。不信，為何基金經理起碼要博士碩士才有資格擔當，天生我材必炒股。
十、股市充滿了想像力。不敢想的事敢想，不敢做的事敢做，有錢能使鬼推磨，有想像能使紙變錢。
十一、股市能拓寬再就業渠道，減輕社會就業壓力。
十二、炒股等同於愛國。政府每年能從股市融資數千億。上億股民都為國企脫困捐了款，為國庫交足了印花稅。
十三、股市能治百病，特別是孤獨、冷漠、自私和老年痴呆症。想告別病魔，請來炒股。
十四、炒股能預防犯罪，特別是賭博犯罪。炒過股票的人，對打麻將推牌九都不感興趣。
十五、炒股的理由千條萬條，但歸根結底只有一條：就是炒股有理！
不炒股的十五條理由
一、股市是個大染缸，誰要是不小心把手放進去，就會失去本色。即使想金盆洗手，也洗不幹凈。要想潔身自好，請不要炒股。
二、股市有風險，其險惡在於不僅要你錢財，弄不好還會賠上小命。
三、股市同「黑」字有太多的淵源。黑箱、黑幕、黑馬、黑庄、黑熊……近墨者黑，倘若你不想同流合污，請不要炒股。
四、股市有時是個假大空的場所。假業績、假年報、假重組，都是假；大話、大傻、大貪，都是大；炒股如同炒空氣，除了交割單，兩手空空。股價炒得很高，業績很漂亮，有上市公司老總年薪1300萬元，而只分你兩毛錢，得不到業績回報，信不信由你。
五、股市太不公平。身為散戶你看不到一手資料，聽不到一線信息，得不到一流服務，甚至看大盤連冷板凳都沒得坐。炒股等於自找罪受。
六、股民身份低賤。人分九等，股民算老幾？只能算九等之外的「等外品」，上億股民連個協會都沒有，受了像杭蕭鋼構那樣的欺詐，集體訴訟，法院都不受理。
七、股市是部提款機，你把錢放進去，別人無須驗明正身就能提走，且不打收條。有首歌是這樣唱的：請把我的股帶回你的家，請把你的鈔票留下。要鈔票還是要股，請選擇吧！
八、炒股跟賭博沒什麼兩樣，且最容易滋生腐敗。莊家如同「老千」，戴著隱形透視鏡，看得見底牌，掌握著開大開小的機關，你還敢炒嗎？
九、炒股是家庭破裂的導火索。男人要股不要妻，家庭觀念被越炒越淡，而股票就是那勾魂攝魄的第三者。
十、交易廳人滿為患，魚龍混雜，老人常告誡，不要到人多的地方去，最容易被人掏了錢包。
十一、炒股如同「信教」，迷信股評家，迷信概念，對題材走火如魔，把人變為信徒。
十二、炒股算不上職業，如果算的話，也是最低級的職業。有一時髦順口溜為證：工作沒法找，只把股票炒，單位下了課，股市混著過。
十三、炒股能使人衰老，股民無時無刻不為股票深度套牢魂牽夢縈，錢沒少賠，皺紋卻沒少賺。
十四、炒股能生百病，特別是高血壓中風歇斯底里症等。如今能在大庭廣眾口若懸河的，不再是演說家，除了賣狗皮膏葯的便是股民。
十五、炒股能使人上癮，產生強烈的依賴性，一日不炒，如隔三秋。建議政府開辦強制戒股所，以挽救失足股民。

B. 關於中國股票市場的英文介紹 大約3000字

Stocks nosedive after record high close

China stocks took a roller coaster ride in the first two sessions after the Spring Festival, suffering a record daily tumble Tuesday after reaching an all-time high the previous day.

The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index, which tracks the bigger of China's stock exchanges, fell 268.81 points, or 8.84 per cent, to 2,771.79, the biggest fall in points since the index was launched. The Shenzhen Composite Index, which tracks the smaller of China's bourses, plummeted 66.3 points, or 8.54 per cent to 709.81. The Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index of major companies in the two bourses, lost 250.18 points, or 9.24 per cent to 2,457.49.

Led by big caps, more than 900 stocks in Shanghai and Shenzhen fell the daily limit of 10 per cent.

The Instrial and Commercial Bank of China, the nation's biggest lender, tumbled 7.86 per cent to 4.69 yuan. China Life, the country's biggest insurer, lost 9.02 per cent to 33.89 yuan. Instrial Bank, which made an A-share debut this month, was down 10 per cent to 24.11 yuan.

China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation (Sinopec), Asia's biggest refiner, fell 10 per cent to 8.90 yuan.

China Vanke Co., the nation's biggest property developer, went from 9.97 percent to 14.26. Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., China's biggest steelmaker, dropped 9.98 percent to 9.02. Citic Securities Co., the nation's biggest publicly traded brokerage, lost 9.70 per cent to 36.21 yuan.

The decline came as some investors judged the Shanghai Composite Index's record closing high Monday to be excessive relative to earnings potential, according to Bloomberg News.

"The market's very sensitive as it's been trading at record levels and some stocks are considered overvalued," Fan Dizhao, who helps manage about $1.8 billion with Guotai Asset Management Co. in Shanghai was quoted as saying.

"Investors are nervous about recent rapid gains and aren't convinced further share-price increases can be sustained."

Speculation about possible measures against illegal capital also dragged on the stocks, hexun.com reported.

The government is to introce a series of measures to push the illegal capital out of the equity market ring the annual session of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the country's top advisory body, the China Banking Regulatory Commission revealed Tuesday morning, according to speculations.

Some analysts deemed the dive another round of natural correction as profit-taking pressure increased after the Shanghai index topped the psychologically important level of 3,000.

C. 描述股票上漲下降 英語作文

給你 中文與英文兩個版本 英文有沒有翻譯錯的 對照你自己整理下

影響股票價格的因素

影響股票價格變動的因素很多，但基本上可分為以下三類：市場內部因素，基本面因素，政策因素。

（1）市場內部因素它主要是指市場的供給和需求，即資金面和籌碼面的相對比例，如一定階段的股市擴容節奏將成為該因素重要部分。

（2）基本面因素包括宏觀經濟因素和公司內部因素，宏觀經濟因素主要是能影響市場中股票價格的因素，包括經濟增長，經濟景氣循環，利率，財政收支，貨幣供應量，物價，國際收支等，公司內部因素主要指公司的財務狀況。

（3）政策因素是指足以影響股票價格變動的國內外重大活動以及政府的政策，措施，法令等重大事件，政府的社會經濟發展計劃，經濟政策的變化，新頒布法令和管理條例等均會影響到股價的變動
Affect stock price factor Affect stock price changes by many factors, but basically can is divided into the following categories: market internal factors, fundamental factors, policy factors. (1) the market internal factors, it mainly refers to the market supply and demand, namely financing area and the relative proportion chips, such as certain stages of the stock market expansion rhythm will become the factors important parts. (2) fundamental factors include macroeconomic factors and internal factors, macroeconomic factors that can influence the market is mainly in stock prices of factors, including economic growth, economic cycle, rates, budgetary revenues and expenditures, money supply, price, international payments and so on, our company internal factors mainly refers to the financial position of the company. (3) policy factor is enough to affect stock price changes of important domestic and international activities and government policies, measures and laws to major events, the government's social and economic development plan, economic policy changes, the newly issued decrees and regulations etc all can affect stock price changes

影響股票價格重要經濟因素

股票價格是指在證券市場上買賣股票的價格。實際上股票只是一種憑證，本身並沒有價格，它之所以具有價格，能夠在市場上進行買賣，是因為它可以給持有者帶來股息收入。股票內在的價值的大小取決於未來預期實現盈利、貼現率和未來反復的年限。企業未來盈利越多，其現值越大，股票價格也越高，而貼現越高，股票內在價值就越低，股票價格也越低。所以，在西方股票市場上，人們都密切注視著企業未來盈利的狀況。但事實上，股票價格的確定十分復雜，因為人們對一個企業未來盈利狀況的看法並不全相同，有估計得比較悲觀，股票在他們眼裡的價值就低些，就要賣出；有的認為企業有發展的希望，股票在他們眼裡價值就高些，就要買進。當買者多於賣者時，股票的價格就上升；當買者少於賣者時，股票的價格就下跌。所以，股票的市場價格與內在價格更多的時候表現為一致，投資者往往尋找那些內在價值大於市場的股票。

這樣以來，就使股票的市場價格處於不斷變化之中。它不僅要受各種經濟因素的影響而且要受政治局勢、政府政策、投資者心理、報刊雜志的消息以及謠言等社會因素的影響。下面著重分析一下影響股票價格的主要經濟因素。
Affect stock price important economic factor Stock price "means in the stock market of stock price. Actually the stock is a certificate, does not itself, it is the price has price in the market, can be traded, because it gives the holder bring dividend income. Stock inner value depends on the size of the realization of the expected future earnings, the discount rate and future repeated the fixed number of year. Enterprise future earnings, the more its present value, the greater the stock price is higher also, and discount, the higher the stock intrinsic value will be lower, and stock prices also lower. So, in the west, people in the stock market is closely watched enterprise future earnings situation. But in fact, the determination of stock price is quite complex, because people to an enterprise future profitability opinion is not all the same, has an estimated more pessimistic, shares in their eyes the value of some lower, will sell, Some think the enterprise have the hope for the development of stock in their eyes, value as some taller, will buy. When buyers than sellers, stock prices went up, When buyers less than sellers, stock prices will fall. So, the price of stock market and inner price more of the time performance is consistent, investors tend to seek those intrinsic value than market shares. Since such, you will make the price of stock market is constantly changing. It should not only affected by various factors that influence the economic and political situation, by government policy, investor psychological, magazine, newspaper, news and rumors of social factors influence. Below are emphatically analyzed the influence of stock prices main economic factors.

一、股息

投資者之所以購買股票，是因為它能帶來不低於存款利息的股息。股份公司發行股票的數量，不是取決於它的實際資本擁有量，而是取決於股息的派發量。股息越高，購者越踴躍，股票的價格也越高。但是，股息的增加又取決於企業收益的增長。如果企業發行股票的數量增加了，而增資後的利潤卻為同步增長，股息將無法維持原有水平，必然要減少，股票價格也會隨之下降。歐美國家的一些企業，為了不斷發展業務，使企業收益日益增長，把公司的凈利潤大部分或全部留下，以擴大資本積累，用於生產和經營，只發放少量股息或不發放股息，並且，國家在稅收制度上也積極整套這樣伏。由於企業的股票以即使不發或少發股息，這種股票對投資者也仍有很大的吸引力。
A, dividends Investors had to buy shares, because it can bring not less than deposit interest of dividends. The number of shares of the company shares, not depend on its actual capital ownership, but on the dividend amount distributed. The higher the dividend, buy more enthusiastically, the price of a stock is higher also. But, dividend increase depends on enterprise earnings growth. If the number of shares issued by companies increased, and add endowment hind profits but for increased dividends will not be maintained original level, it's necessary to rece, stock price also is met subsequently decline. Some of the enterprise, European and American countries for continuous development business, make the business income increasing, the company's net income all or most left, in order to enlarge capital accumulation, for the proction and operation, only a few dividends or not issue stated dividend, and national taxation system also actively package of such volts. Because enterprise stock to even not hair or less dividend, stock to send the investor is still very attractive.

二、金融資本和稅收

股份公司常常向銀行借款，隨著借款額的增多，銀行對企業的控制也就逐漸加強並取得了相當的發言權。在企業收益減少的情況下，雖然他們希望能夠穩定股息，但銀行為了自身的安全，會支持企業少發或停發股息，因而影響了股票的價格。稅收對投資者影響也很大，投資者購買股票是為了增加收益，如果國家對某些營利事業在稅收給以優惠，那麼就能使這些企業的稅後利潤相對增加，使它們的股票升值。
Second, financial capital and revenue Joint-stock company often borrow from Banks, with the loan sum increase, bank of enterprise control also graally strengthened and made it quite claims. In the business income decrease case, although they hope to stabilize dividend, but bank for his own safety, will support enterprises or hair hair less dividend, thus affecting the stock prices. Tax on investors are significantly affected, investors buy stocks for increases the income, if the country for some profit-seeking enterprise in tax give preferential, then can make the enterprise's after-tax profits relative increase, make their stock appreciation.

三、經濟周期

在經濟繁榮時期，企業盈利多，股息高，股票則猛漲；在經濟危機時期，企業生產萎縮，股息下降，股價則猛跌；在經濟蕭條時期，股價漸有轉機；在進入復甦時期後，股價又開始上漲。所以，資本主義股票價格的變動，一般是與資本主義經濟周期相適應的。
Third, economic cycle In the economic boom, corporate profits, dividends, stock is soaring high, In the economic crisis periods, enterprise proction decline, stock dividend atrophy, is tumbled, In the economic depression, share price graally a swift, Before entering the recovery period, prices began to rise. So, capitalism stock price movements are generally capitalism and adapt to the economic cycle.

四、通貨膨脹

社會貨幣供應量的增減是影響股票價格的原因之一。通常，貨幣供應量增加，社會一部分閑置資金就會投向證券交易，從而抬高股價；相反，貨幣供應量減少，社會購買力降低，股價也必然下跌。由貨幣供應量不斷增大而導致的通貨膨脹，在一定限度內對生產有刺激作用，因為它能促進企業銷售收入和股票投資名義收益的增加，所以在銀行利率不隨物價同比例上升的條件下，人們為了保值，將不再熱心於存款，而轉向投資股票，使股票價格再提高。但是，如果通貨膨脹上升過猛，甚至了超過兩位數，那麼將造成人們實際收入下降和市場需求不足，加劇生產過剩，導致經濟危機，使股票價格下跌。
Four, inflation Social money supply and decrease of stock price is to influence factor. Normally, the money supply increase, and the society of idle fund will to securities trading and thus increase share, Instead, money supply decrease, social purchasing power is reced, stocks also inevitable decline. By increasing the money supply to inflation, within limits to proce a stimulating effect, because it can promote the enterprise sales revenue and stock investment income increase, so the name in bank interest rates are with the price with ratio rose, under the condition of people to value, will no longer eager to deposit, and turned to invest in stocks and shares to raise price again. But, if inflation rising vastly, even more than two digits, so will cause people to real income decrease and market demand, aggravate overproction, cause economic crisis, make share prices.

五、貼現率與利率

貼現是銀行放款的一種形式，貼現率與存款利率有密切的聯系。存款率越高，貼現率也越高。由於股票的價格與企業未來預期盈利成正比，與貼現率（利息率）成反比，所以貼現率（或利息率）的提高，會導致股票價格的下降。但西方國家往往在銀行利率上升時，股票市場依然活跌，原因是投資者常常在兩者之間選擇：銀行存款風險小，利率高，收入穩定，但不靈活，資金被固定在一段時間內不能挪作他用，並且通俗讀物以抵銷通貨膨脹造成的損失。而股票可以買賣，較為靈活，風險雖大，但碰上好運，可獲大利。所以，在銀行利率提高的情況下，仍然有一些具有冒險精神的投資者熱心於股票交易。
Five, the discount rate and interest rate Discount is a form of bank lending, the discount rate and deposit rates are closely linked. Deposit rate is high, the discount rate is higher also. Because the price of the stock and the enterprise the expected future earnings is proportional to the discount rate (interest) is inversely proportional to the discount rate (or interest rates, so the promotion of, will lead to stock price falls. But in western countries have often bank interest rate rises, the stock market is still alive, reason is that investors often dropped in between choice: bank deposit small risk, higher interest rates, the income is stable, but not agile, the fund was fixed in a period of time inside cannot be used for other purposes, and popular literature to offset the loss caused by inflation. Stock can be bought, more flexible, though large, but the risk can be awarded with good luck, Italy. So, in the case of higher bank interest rate, there are still some adventurous investors keen on stock trading.

六、科技發明

在產業結構調整和轉移時期，新產品的開發顯得越來越重要，股價也會受到它們的強烈沖擊。

新產品從開發完成至股價下跌這段時間，可分成三個階段：

1、當消息傳出以後，成了熱門話題，此時股價自然會上揚，尤其一旦有人用投機手段，則更容易暴漲。

2、已經成為人們爭相投資的對象，而這種新發明要普及化，需要很長時間，屆時還銷不出去的話，股價便會下跌。

3、假如新發明能夠提高公司的業績和利潤率，股價會上漲，若沒有預期效果，則跌幅很大。

因此，股票交易者必然充分注意這種規律，牢牢掌握股價的主動權。
Six, technological invention In the adjustment of instrial structure and the transfer of The Times, new proct development is becoming more and more important, share price is also under their strong impact. New procts from development completed to share fall this period of time, can be divided into three stages: 1 and when the news spread later, became a hot topic, when share prices will naturally rise, especially when someone with speculative method, then more easily boom. 2, has become people rushed to the object, but this kind of investment to popularize new invention, takes a long time, when we pin not go out, share price will decrease. 3, if new invention can improve the company's sales and profitability, price will rise, if do not have expected effect, then drop greatly. Therefore, stock traders must full attention to such laws, grip shares of the initiative.

D. 求一篇有關股票市場的文章或者新聞，最好是英語的，謝謝

您好
您可以看看這些文章都是原創的希望可以幫助您。希望您採納。下面是我朋友的原創的網路經驗一共十六期，您的所有問題都在裡面了。
http://jingyan..com/article/066074d67e1651c3c21cb0cd.html
http://jingyan..com/magazine/4329
http://jingyan..com/magazine/5582

E. 有篇關於股市方面的英語文章翻譯！（不要是網上和有道那裡的翻譯，請英語高手幫忙）

令人緊張的牛市，令人沮喪的熊市（不對么？我覺得就這意思啊）
對於股市投資者來說，行情看漲的時候令人恐懼，幾乎不可能下跌，讓悲觀的預言家預測落空。
股市忽漲忽跌的不穩定性，使投資者面臨兩個傷腦筋的選擇：或者繼續向股市注入資金，這樣就要冒另一次反轉的風險，或者抽出資金，這么做的風險是，把未來可能的收益全部扔到了桌子上。（這里應該是個隱喻，意思是放棄了未來可能的收益。）
「我們正在那些中等規模的公司中尋找收益，那些市值在100億美元或類似的公司。」Yee說，「比如，在固定資產部分，我們看到有很多公司的交易值是他們年收益的12到13倍，總體上相對於股市來說就是25倍。」
就像大股票優於小股票，股票的「增長率」要優於它們的「價值」。而有些方面的股票，也就是說科技股，似乎一直在狂熱地上漲。
但像1998年的三季度充分證明了，即使是一個上漲年，也會伴隨著波動。所以現在不要把你對投資組合的控制變成自動控制。

F. 關於股票的英語段落 有點難

「在市場恐慌時再入市。」在英鎊貶值幾周後，我提出了這個看法：在最近季度極端刺激與思維風險像極了一個非常刺激的總統大選循環第三年。（總統就職期間是4年）誠然，現在看起來這個通常來講都是很限制很保守的「第一年（規律）」似乎變成了一個巨型的「第三年效果」。在權威們沒有表現出像今年一樣悲觀的情況下，市場在循環第三年通常典型地表現出高於平均指數12點的狀態。當然概念上這種現象多少歸於現有政府的大力支持。4月1日在蘇黎世（你將會在4月1日得到你所失去的），在英鎊貶值的影響下，我對Finanz und Wirtschaft說：「Der S&P 500 Index kann rasch auf 1100 steigen.」這句話的意思是，標准普爾500指數會迅速升到1100。我甚至記得我說這次移動將在1000至1100之間，但是記者（總是）不喜歡浪費（文章上的）地方。在幾周後一封遲來的季度信件里。（季度信件應該指的是季度市場報告，通常由研究公司通過快遞等送達訂閱者手上，這句話沒完，不過我估計就是他的預言成真了唄。）

思維風險：暫時這么翻譯吧，moral hazard指的是有人因為個人的利益而作出違背一份契約本來目的的舉動。比如說市場上的不正常風險規避舉動以求暴利，又或者一位工傷保險投保人故意受傷以換取保金等。我找不到相對應的中文，就只好按照自己的理解翻譯。

總統大選循環：指的是資本市場上的一些無法解釋的現象之一，指每個總統就職期間市場都會重復同一個高低規律。

G. 求有關證券市場信息披露或內幕交易或監管方面的英語文章一篇,字數1000就可以了,要有文章出處和中文譯文

Shame fills a vacuum in China's financial law enforcement

中國金融法律執行力度的空缺由名譽懲罰來彌補

THE vast gaps in the regulations governing China's financial markets are nosecret. The risks are spelled out in mind-numbing detail in every Chinese shareprospectus issued to Western investors. They run the gamut from the possibilityof full-blown Communist expropriation to bad accounting, insider trading,market manipulation and fraud.

中國金融市場監管制度的巨大漏洞早已不是什麼秘密。在呈現給西方投資者的中國股票計劃書中，所有對風險細節的描述都讓人大腦短路。這些風險從標準的共產主義式沒收的可能性開始，一直到糟糕的會計，內部交易，市場交易和欺詐行為。

There are enough prosecutions to indicate that mischief-making goes on,but not enough to make enforcement appear credible. Even when there are rules,the line between acceptable and unacceptable conct is often unclear, and someactions are patently unfair. There is, for example, no 「full」 disclosure law,no match of regulation FD in America.Companies frequently meet investors selectively. The information that emergescan include changes in senior management—and hence strategy—and be ofextraordinary value. In more developed markets, aggrieved shareholders kept inthe dark could fire off private lawsuits; but private litigation in Chinais allowed only after the state has determined malfeasance.

雖然足夠多的說明書顯示這些問題還在繼續，但法律的執行力度卻遠遠不夠。即使是有相應的條文，其在可接受和不可接受行為之間的界線也通常不清晰，而且一些法律明顯就不公平。比方說，中國沒有和美國《反選擇性披露法》類似的要求「全部」披露的法律。公司頻繁地有選擇性地為投資者提供信息。有些信息因為涉及到公司高層的變動——從而影響公司戰略——而有很高的價值。在更加發達的市場上，那些被蒙蔽而憤懣的股東們可以發起私人訴訟；但在中國，只有政府認定了錯誤之後，私人的起訴程序才能啟動。

Given these shortcomings, Chinamight well be shunned by investors, but it is not. Its Shanghaiand Shenzhen stockmarkets—though falling sharply this year—were togethermcapitalised at $3.9 trillion at the end of January, more than in any country inthe world except America andJapan.Despite their size, the markets are not efficient, however. Share-pricemovements, according to several studies, do not fit as closely with financialresults as in other large markets. That is not only bad for investors; it alsoundermines the stockmarket's broader economic job of channelling capital towhere it can best be used.

按理說，有這樣大的缺陷，投資者應該盡量避開中國，但事實並非如此。上海和深圳的股市，盡管今年大幅下挫，但在1月底之前總共融資了3.9萬億美元，在所有的國家中僅此於美國和日本。然而，它的效率卻和它的規模不合拍。一些研究表明，中國的股票價格波動與其他大型市場不同，和其財務狀況沒有緊密地相關性。這不僅不利於投資者，同樣從根本上損害了股市所肩負的經濟任務，即把資本引導到能發揮最佳效用的地方。

Name and shame 美名與惡名

Plenty of studies demonstrate the role of a good legal environment tofinancial markets. But Benjamin Liebman and Curtis Milhaupt, two professors at Columbia LawSchool, argue in a forthcoming paper*that, whatever the limitations of the scope and enforcement of China's laws,another form of regulation has quietly emerged. Drawing on China's traditions, the authoritiesnow also discipline wrongdoers using public criticism.

許多研究都證實了良好的法治環境在金融市場中的重要角色。但是Benjamin Liebman和Curtis Milhaupt，兩位哥倫比亞法律學校的教授，在即將發表的論文上，將論證無論中國法律的限制范圍和執行度如何，另一種管制方式已經悄然興起。它源於一種中國傳統，即權威機關正使用輿論批評來約束過錯方。

Financial markets are usually regulated through well enforced securitieslaws, like the ones Americaintroced ring the Depression; or through self-regulation, as in America before the Depression and in London's AlternativeInvestment Market today. For many years academics focused more on laws,believing that exchanges pursued members' interests rather than those ofinvestors. But a landmark study by Paul Mahoney, of the University of Virginia,a decade ago began to shift support towards self-regulation. Privately runmarkets have an interest in safeguarding investors, because that is the bestmeans of increasing listing and trading volumes and thus of generating morefees. When exchanges were run by the state, it was not clear whether theself-interest worked in that way.

通常，金融市場的管制是通過高效執行的證券法來實現，比如美國在大蕭條時期所展示的那樣；或者通過市場自律來實現，比如美國在大蕭條之前和在今日倫敦的可替換投資市場。許多年來，學術上把注意力更多的集中在法律上。但在10年前，來自維吉尼亞大學的Paul Mahoney的一項里程碑式的研究，卻把支持力量轉向了自律。當交易所由私人經營時，捍衛投資者就是它的一項自身利益，因為這樣是最好方法以增加註冊公司和交易額，並因此獲得產生更多的收費。而當交易所由政府經營的時候，其自身利益是否能產生這樣的效果就很難確定了。

When China'stwo stock exchanges were created in 1990, the chief goal was to use private savingsto restructure state-owned firms. Investors received only minority stakes andlimited sway over corporate governance. Equally important, both exchanges wererun by bureaucrats, so there were fewer incentives to increase their value byattracting companies and punters. There was little effective competitionbetween them.

當中國的兩家股票交易所在1990年成立時，其主要的目的是利用私人存款以改建國有企業。投資者僅能得到很小的股權且對公司的運營的影響非常有限。同樣重要的是，兩家交易所均由政府機關運營，因而他們吸引公司和投機者以實現自身增殖的動機小得多。他們之間也幾乎沒有有效的競爭。

Over the past 18 years, Chinahas introced rules against market manipulation, fraud and insider dealing,but enforcement remains patchy. The China Securities Regulatory Commissionseems competent but overwhelmed. Sometimes it takes years to issue penaltiesafter lengthy investigations—and along the way cases lose relevance.

過去的18年間，中國頒布了許多禁止市場操縱，欺詐和內部交易的法律，但執行度始終都不足。中國證監會表面上是合格的，但實際上基本是擺設。有時候它得花上幾年的調查時間才能公布處罰，隨著時間的流逝，這些案件都失去了相關性。

In the meantime, the exchanges have quietly begun to acquire authority.The power that they wield appears flimsy—the most serious penalty they can levyis a rebuke to firms and indivials through public notices. But it isremarkably effective in a country with a long history of punishment byhumiliation—think of the cangue, a rectangular slab around the neck, inpre-Communist times and nce caps in the Cultural Revolution.

就在同一時間，證交所已經悄悄地開始獲取威權。他們能實現的最嚴重的處罰是斥責公司和個人並引起公眾的注意，看起來是個很脆弱的權力。但對於一個歷史上長期將羞辱當作懲罰的國家，它非常的有效——想想共產主義之前的刑枷，把脖子圍住的矩形木板和文化大革命時期的愚蠢的「高帽子」。

Messrs Liebman and Milhaupt write that between 2001 and 2006 the exchangespublicly criticised 205 companies and almost 1,700 people. They looked at theshare prices of the targeted firms both when they disclosed the conct forwhich they were being criticised and when the criticism was published. Theadmissions typically preceded the rebukes, and in the few weeks that followedthe firms' share prices underperformed the Shanghai stockmarket by an average of up to6% (see left-hand chart). After the criticism, there was a further lag of up to3% on average (see right-hand chart).

Messrs Liebman和Milhaupt寫到，在2001和2006年之間證交所公開批評了205家公司和近1700個人。他們觀察目標公司的股票價格變化，包括它們披露其受到批評的行動的時候和針對他們的批評被發布的時候。正常情況下是公司承認在先，隨後的幾周內這家公司的股票價格平均低於上海市場近6%（見左圖）。而隨後的公共批評，在一定的延遲下又可以讓它繼續下跌平均3%（見右圖）。

Using evidence from extensive interviews, Messrs Liebman and Milhauptpoint to other damage too. Raising money through equity markets and banksbecame more costly, and sometimes impossible, for companies that had beencriticised. Suppliers and customers also took a tougher line. Some people lost theright to be a director or senior manager, and suffered from pariah status in acountry where there is little pity for failure. The criticisms were sometimeseven a prelude to formal investigations by the regulatory authorities.

更廣泛地調查取證後，Messrs Liebman和Milhaupt指出還存在著其他的損失。因為公司被批評，它從銀行和股市融資將變得更加困難，有時候甚至無法融資。供應商和消費者也會更加決絕。有些人將失去成為總裁或高管的機會，還會在這個對失敗者沒有同情心的國家承受千夫所指的痛苦。批評有時候甚至是監管機關正式調查的前奏。

Criticism may count for a couple of reasons, the authors suggest. Amid thevacuum of information in China,any hint of bad news is likely to be seized upon. And, in a state-run economy,it is never good to be unpopular with the authorities.

作者表示，批評有如此威力是出於幾個原因。在中國，因為信息空缺，任何一個關於壞消息的暗示都可能引起巨大的關注。而且，在政府經營的經濟體里，得罪權威部門在任何情況下都不是好事。

From an academic point of view, more intriguing is that the exchanges havebegun to regulate themselves even though they are not private. This suggeststhat there is room, even in countries with authoritarian governments, for newforms of governance to emerge when laws fail. It is quite conceivable that theexchanges may become better regulators than the official ones.

從一個學術的觀點來看，更加有趣的是，盡管證交所並非私人經營，但也開始約束自身。這顯示，即使在威權主義政府的國家，當法律無從施力時，同樣有空間讓新的管理方式興起。我們完全可以相信，相比起政府機關來，證交所將是更優秀的監管者。

H. 金融類英語文章

您好
Planning a share portfolio
Tere is no shortage of tipsters around offering"get-rich-quick'opportunities.But if you are a serious private investor,leave the Las Vegas mentality to those with money to fritter.The serious investor needs a proper'portfolio'-a well-planned selection of investments,with a definite structure and a clear aim.But exactly how does a newcomer to the stock market go about achieving that?
5 Well,if you go to five reputable stock brokers and ask them what you should do with your money,you're likely to get five different answers-even if you give all the relevant infoumation about your age,family,finances and what you want from your investments.Moral?There is no one "right『way to structure a portfolio.However,thereare undoubtedly some wrong ways,and you can be sure that none of our five advisers would have suggested sinking all(or perhaps any)of your money into Periwigs*.
10 so what should you do?We'll assume that you have sorted out the basics-like mortgages,pensions,insurance and access to sufficient cash reserves.You should then establish your own indivial aims.These are partly a matter of personal circumstances,partly a matter of psychology.
For instance,if you are older you have less time to recover from any major losses,and you may well wish to boost your pension income.So preserving your capital and generating extra income are your main 15priorities.In this ease,you'd probably construct a portfolio with some shares (but not high risk ones),along with gilts,cash deposits,and perhaps convertibles or the income shares of split capital investment trusts.
If you are younger,and in a solid financial position,you may decide to take an a ggressive approach-but only if you're blessed with a sanguine disposition and won't suffer sleepless nights over share prices.If you recognize yourself in this description,you might include a couple ofheady growth stocks in your 20 portfolio,alongside your more pedestrian investments.Once you have decided on your investment aims,you can'then decide where to put your money.The golden rule here is spread your risk-if you put all of *『Periwigs』is the mame of a fictitious company.

I. 一段關於股票的英語短文，幫忙翻譯一下。

華爾街股票這周表現溫和，呈現出自1987年蕭條以來最大的增長，進入了另一個轉變的階段，並以紅字收盤。股票市場點位從上漲4％急轉至下跌2.9％。s&p 500指數下降0.6個百分點，達到940.56點。納斯達克指數下降0.4個百分點達到1，711.29點，道瓊斯指數下降1.4個百分點達到8，852.22點。

要說明的是：
s&p 500指數、納斯達克指數、道瓊斯指數是不同口徑下的股票價價指數，股價指數是反映不同時點上股價變動情況的相對指標，通常是將報告期的股票價格與選定的基期價格相比，並將兩者的比值乘以基期的指數值。

J. 英語高手請進，誰能把這篇文章翻譯一下，感激不盡

鍾聲. 點燃訊息出現. 男女工作電腦. 他們的電話交談. 有時他們吶喊奔跑. 這是一個嘈雜的地方證券交易所. 此間專家稱販售買賣股票經紀公司. 股票被稱為股票. 擁有一家公司的股票,該公司本身的一部分. 人們付出經紀買賣股票. 如果公司賺錢,其股票價格上升. 如果公司不賺錢,股值下跌. 仔細觀看經紀人和投資者的大木板,任何變化. 就是名字給名單上出售股票在紐約證券交易所. 首次以書面用字,意思是在一家報紙在伊利諾伊1837年. 它說:"在車上售1700美元黃金美" 投資者和經紀人觀看大木板看看股市是牛市還是負 市場. 在熊市,價格走低. 一個牛市,價格上漲. 投資者在熊市許諾在未來出售股票時一套價. 但投資者並不擁有的股票. 等待他或她買當物價漲幅. 意思是考慮市場承受了來自老故事,說一個人出賣 皮膚一緊,然後趁他承受. 16數以百計的英文字典說:"賣是賣什麼人承受不" 專家爭議字開始在股市多頭字. 但有人說是來自動物,長了兩個方面--公牛和熊--體育 這是多年前在英國流行. 投資者一直關注一家公司未能可能性. 在現代世界,沒有一家公司賺取利潤是不夠說垮了. 公司雲像魚死腹中起來. 上交魚背時死亡. 故胃或腹部上升. 股市投資者不想那件事發生了. 他們希望自己擁有一家公司的股票,賺取更多的利潤超過預期. 這將大幅增加的股票價值. 投資者都在期盼著收獲. 來自英格蘭的意料之外字百年. 因此,窮人被禁止亂砍森林擁有豐富的土地業主. 但是,如果風吹下一棵樹,窮者可採取活燃料. 所以暴利是這樣美妙出人意料.