金融跑市場什麼意思
1. 金融市場化是什麼意思TUT
簡單的說、金融原來很多人認為只有有錢人才能做、市場化,就是針對所有人、讓更多人都可以親身體驗學習、金融未來的發展不可限量、看來你是金融一份子、好好加油。錢途光明!千萬別陷進去!請採納
2. 閲戣瀺甯傚満鏄浠涔堟剰鎬濓紵
閲戣瀺甯傚満鍙堢О涓鴻祫閲戝競鍦猴紝鍖呮嫭璐у竵甯傚満鍜岃祫鏈甯傚満錛屾槸璧勯噾鋙嶉氬競鍦恆傛墍璋撹祫閲戣瀺閫氾紝鏄鎸囧湪緇忔祹榪愯岃繃紼嬩腑錛岃祫閲戜緵奼傚弻鏂硅繍鐢ㄥ悇縐嶉噾鋙嶅伐鍏瘋皟鑺傝祫閲戠泩浣欑殑媧誨姩錛屾槸鎵鏈夐噾鋙嶄氦鏄撴椿鍔ㄧ殑鎬葷О銆傚湪閲戣瀺甯傚満涓婁氦鏄撶殑鏄鍚勭嶉噾鋙嶅伐鍏鳳紝濡傝偂紲ㄣ佸哄埜銆佸偍钃勫瓨鍗曠瓑銆傝祫閲戣瀺閫氱畝縐頒負鋙嶈祫錛屼竴鑸鍒嗕負鐩存帴鋙嶈祫鍜岄棿鎺ヨ瀺璧勪袱縐嶃傜洿鎺ヨ瀺璧勬槸璧勯噾渚涙眰鍙屾柟鐩存帴榪涜岃祫閲戣瀺閫氱殑媧誨姩錛屼篃灝辨槸璧勯噾闇奼傝呯洿鎺ラ氳繃閲戣瀺甯傚満鍚戠ぞ浼氫笂鏈夎祫閲戠泩浣欑殑鏈烘瀯鍜屼釜浜虹硅祫錛涗笌姝ゅ瑰簲錛岄棿鎺ヨ瀺璧勫垯鏄鎸囬氳繃閾惰屾墍榪涜岀殑璧勯噾鋙嶉氭椿鍔錛屼篃灝辨槸璧勯噾闇奼傝呴噰鍙栧悜閾惰岀瓑閲戣瀺涓浠嬫満鏋勭敵璇瘋捶嬈劇殑鏂瑰紡絳硅祫銆傞噾鋙嶅競鍦哄圭粡嫻庢椿鍔ㄧ殑鍚勪釜鏂歸潰閮芥湁鐫鐩存帴鐨勬繁鍒誨獎鍝嶏紝濡備釜浜鴻儲瀵屻佷紒涓氱殑緇忚惀銆佺粡嫻庤繍琛岀殑鏁堢巼錛岄兘鐩存帴鍙栧喅浜庨噾鋙嶅競鍦虹殑媧誨姩銆\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満鐨勬瀯鎴愬嶮鍒嗗嶆潅錛屽畠鏄鐢辮稿氫笉鍚岀殑甯傚満緇勬垚鐨勪竴涓搴炲ぇ浣撶郴銆備絾鏄錛屼竴鑸鏍規嵁閲戣瀺甯傚満涓婁氦鏄撳伐鍏風殑鏈熼檺錛屾妸閲戣瀺甯傚満鍒嗕負璐у竵甯傚満鍜岃祫鏈甯傚満涓ゅぇ綾匯傝揣甯佸競鍦烘槸鋙嶉氱煭鏈燂紙涓騫翠互鍐咃級璧勯噾鐨勫競鍦猴紝璧勬湰甯傚満鏄鋙嶉氶暱鏈燂紙涓騫翠互涓婏級璧勯噾鐨勫競鍦恆傝揣甯佸競鍦哄拰璧勬湰甯傚満鍙堝彲浠ヨ繘涓姝ュ垎涓鴻嫢騫蹭笉鍚岀殑瀛愬競鍦恆傝揣甯佸競鍦哄寘鎷閲戣瀺鍚屼笟鎷嗗熷競鍦恆佸洖璐鍗忚甯傚満銆佸晢涓氱エ鎹甯傚満銆侀摱琛屾壙鍏戞眹紲ㄥ競鍦恆佺煭鏈熸斂搴滃哄埜甯傚満銆佸ぇ闈㈤濆彲杞璁╁瓨鍗曞競鍦虹瓑銆傝祫鏈甯傚満鍖呮嫭涓闀挎湡淇¤捶甯傚満鍜岃瘉鍒稿競鍦恆備腑闀挎湡淇¤捶甯傚満鏄閲戣瀺鏈烘瀯涓庡伐鍟嗕紒涓氫箣闂寸殑璐鋒懼競鍦猴紱璇佸埜甯傚満鏄閫氳繃璇佸埜鐨勫彂琛屼笌浜ゆ槗榪涜岃瀺璧勭殑甯傚満錛屽寘鎷鍊哄埜甯傚満銆佽偂紲ㄥ競鍦恆佸熀閲戝競鍦恆佷繚闄╁競鍦恆佽瀺璧勭熻祦甯傚満絳夈\r\n鍜屽叾浠栧競鍦虹浉姣旓紝閲戣瀺甯傚満鍏鋒湁鑷宸辯嫭鐗圭殑鐗瑰緛錛\r\n絎涓錛岄噾鋙嶅競鍦烘槸浠ヨ祫閲戜負浜ゆ槗瀵硅薄鐨勫競鍦恆\r\n絎浜岋紝閲戣瀺甯傚満浜ゆ槗涔嬮棿涓嶆槸鍗曠函鐨勪拱鍗栧叧緋伙紝鏇翠富瑕佺殑鏄鍊熻捶鍏崇郴錛屼綋鐜頒簡璧勯噾鎵鏈夋潈鍜屼嬌鐢ㄦ潈鐩稿垎紱葷殑鍘熷垯銆\r\n絎涓夛紝閲戣瀺甯傚満鍙浠ユ槸鏈夊艦甯傚満錛屼篃鍙浠ユ槸鏃犲艦甯傚満銆\r\n榪滃湪閲戣瀺甯傚満褰㈡垚浠ュ墠錛屼俊鐢ㄥ伐鍏蜂究宸蹭駭鐢熴傚畠鏄鍟嗕笟淇$敤鍙戝睍鐨勪駭鐗┿備絾鏄鐢變簬鍟嗕笟淇$敤鐨勫矓闄愭э紝榪欎簺淇$敤宸ュ叿鍙鑳藉瓨鍦ㄤ簬鍟嗗搧涔板崠鍙屾柟錛屽苟涓嶅叿鏈夊箍娉涚殑嫻佸姩鎬с傞殢鐫鍟嗗搧緇忔祹鐨勮繘涓姝ュ彂灞曪紝鍦ㄥ晢涓氫俊鐢ㄧ殑鍩虹涓婏紝鍙堜駭鐢熶簡閾惰屼俊鐢ㄥ拰閲戣瀺甯傚満銆傞摱琛屼俊鐢ㄥ拰閲戣瀺甯傚満鐨勪駭鐢熷拰鍙戝睍鍙嶈繃鏉ュ張淇冭繘浜嗗晢涓氫俊鐢ㄧ殑鍙戝睍錛屼嬌淇$敤宸ュ叿鎴愪負閲戣瀺甯傚満涓婄殑浜ゆ槗宸ュ叿錛屾縺鍙戜簡淇$敤宸ュ叿娼滃湪鐨勯噸瑕佹с傚湪鐜頒唬閲戣瀺甯傚満涓婏紝淇$敤宸ュ叿鉶界劧浠嶆槸涓昏佺殑浜ゆ槗宸ュ叿錛屼絾鍏鋒湁騫挎硾嫻佸姩鎬х殑榪樻湁鍙嶆槧鑲℃潈鎴栨墍鏈夋潈鍏崇郴鐨勮偂紲ㄤ互鍙婂叾浠栭噾鋙嶈嶇敓鍟嗗搧錛屽畠浠閮芥槸甯傚満閲戣瀺浜ゆ槗鐨勫伐鍏鳳紝鍥犺岀粺縐頒負閲戣瀺宸ュ叿銆\r\n褰㈡垚鏉′歡\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満鐨勫艦鎴愭潯浠\r\n1銆佸晢鍝佺粡嫻庨珮搴﹀彂杈撅紝紺句細涓婂瓨鍦ㄧ潃搴炲ぇ鐨勮祫閲戦渶奼備笌渚涚粰銆\r\n2銆佹嫢鏈夊畬鍠勫拰鍋ュ叏鐨勯噾鋙嶆満鏋勪綋緋匯\r\n3銆侀噾鋙嶄氦鏄撶殑宸ュ叿涓板瘜錛屼氦鏄撳艦寮忓氭牱鍖栥\r\n4銆佹湁鍋ュ叏鐨勯噾鋙嶇珛娉曘\r\n5銆佹斂搴滆兘瀵歸噾鋙嶅競鍦鴻繘琛屽悎鐞嗘湁鏁堢殑綆$悊銆\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満鐨勫艦鎬佹湁涓ょ嶏細涓縐嶆槸鏈夊艦甯傚満錛屽嵆浜ゆ槗鑰呴泦涓鍦ㄦ湁鍥哄畾鍦扮偣鍜屼氦鏄撹炬柦鐨勫満鎵鍐呰繘琛屼氦鏄撶殑甯傚満錛屽湪璇佸埜浜ゆ槗鐢靛瓙鍖栦箣鍓嶇殑璇佸埜浜ゆ槗鎵灝辨槸鍏稿瀷鐨勬湁褰㈠競鍦猴紝浣嗕笘鐣屼笂鎵鏈夌殑璇佸埜浜ゆ槗鎵閮介噰鐢ㄤ簡鏁板瓧鍖栦氦鏄撶郴緇燂紝鍥犳ゆ湁褰㈠競鍦烘笎娓愯鏃犲艦甯傚満鎵鏇誇唬錛涘彟涓縐嶆槸鏃犲艦甯傚満錛屽嵆浜ゆ槗鑰呭垎鏁e湪涓嶅悓鍦扮偣(鏈烘瀯)鎴栭噰鐢ㄧ數璁鎵嬫佃繘琛屼氦鏄撶殑甯傚満錛屽傚満澶栦氦鏄撳競鍦恆佸叏鐞冨栨眹甯傚満鍜岃瘉鍒鎬氦鏄撴墍甯傚満閮藉睘浜庢棤褰㈠競鍦恆\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満浣撶郴鏄鎸囬噾\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満\r\n鋙嶅競鍦虹殑鏋勬垚褰㈠紡銆\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満浣撶郴涓鍑犱釜涓昏佺殑瀛愬競鍦洪兘鏈夊叾鍏辨х殑涓滆タ錛\r\n1銆侀庨櫓鎬(涓嶇『瀹氭)錛氬傦紝鑲$エ甯傚満鐨勯庨櫓銆佸栨眹甯傚満鐨勯庨櫓銆\r\n2銆佷環鏍間互浠峰間負鍩虹錛屼緵奼傚叧緋葷殑褰卞搷錛氳偂紲ㄤ環鏍肩殑娉㈠姩銆佸哄埜浠鋒牸鐨勬嘗鍔錛屾渶緇堥兘鍙嶆槧鍏朵環鍊礆紝鍙椾緵奼傚叧緋葷殑褰卞搷銆\r\n3銆佸獎鍝嶅哄埜嫻侀氫環鏍箋佸獎鍝嶈偂紲ㄤ環鏍箋佹眹鐜囨嘗鍔ㄧ瓑鐨勫熀鏈闈㈠垎鏋愭棦瑕佽冭檻瀹忚傜粡嫻庡獎鍝嶏紝涔熻佽冭檻寰瑙傜粡嫻庣殑褰卞搷絳夈\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満浣撶郴涓鐨勭浉鍏崇浉榪戞垨鐩稿紓鐨勫唴瀹癸細\r\n1銆侀噾鋙嶅競鍦虹殑鍔熻兘錛屽悓涓氭媶鍊熷競鍦虹殑鍔熻兘錛屽哄埜甯傚満鐨勫姛鑳斤紝鑲$エ甯傚満鐨勫姛鑳斤紝澶栨眹甯傚満鐨勫姛鑳斤紝鏈熻揣甯傚満鐨勫姛鑳界瓑銆\r\n2銆佸栨眹甯傚満鍙備笌鑰咃紝鏈熻揣甯傚満鐨勫弬涓庤咃紝鍚屼笟鎷嗗熷競鍦虹殑鍙備笌鑰呫\r\n3銆佽創鐜幫紝杞璐寸幇錛屽啀璐寸幇銆\r\n4銆佹眹紲錛屾湰紲ㄤ笌鏀紲ㄧ殑寮傚悓絳夌瓑銆\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満浣撶郴鐨勫垎綾\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満浣撶郴鍖呮嫭璐у竵甯傚満銆佽祫鏈甯傚満銆佸栨眹甯傚満鍜岄粍閲戝競鍦猴紝鑰屼竴鑸鏍規嵁閲戣瀺甯傚満涓婁氦鏄撳伐鍏風殑鏈熼檺錛屾妸閲戣瀺甯傚満鍒嗕負璐у竵甯傚満鍜岃祫鏈甯傚満涓ゅぇ綾匯\r\n1銆佽揣甯佸競鍦\r\n璐у竵甯傚満鏄鋙嶉氱煭鏈熻祫閲戠殑甯傚満錛屽寘鎷鍚屼笟鎷嗗熷競鍦恆佸洖璐鍗忚甯傚満銆佸晢涓氱エ鎹甯傚満銆侀摱琛屾壙鍏戞眹紲ㄥ競鍦恆佺煭鏈熸斂搴滃哄埜甯傚満銆佸ぇ闈㈤濆彲杞璁╁瓨鍗曞競鍦恆\r\n2銆佽祫鏈甯傚満\r\n璧勬湰甯傚満鏄鋙嶉氶暱鏈熻祫閲戠殑甯傚満錛屽寘鎷涓闀挎湡閾惰屼俊璐峰競鍦哄拰璇佸埜甯傚満銆備腑闀挎湡淇¤捶甯傚満鏄閲戣瀺鏈烘瀯涓庡伐鍟嗕紒涓氫箣闂寸殑璐鋒懼競鍦猴紝璇佸埜甯傚満鏄閫氳繃璇佸埜鐨勫彂琛屼笌浜ゆ槗榪涜岃瀺璧勭殑甯傚満錛屽寘鎷鍊哄埜甯傚満銆佽偂紲ㄥ競鍦恆佷繚闄╁競鍦恆佽瀺璧勭熻祦甯傚満絳夈\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満浠庝笉鍚岀殑瑙掑害鑰冨療錛屽彲浣滃備笅鍒嗙被錛\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満\r\n錛1錛夋寜鍦扮悊鑼冨洿鍙鍒嗕負錛\r\n鈶犲浗闄呴噾鋙嶅競鍦猴紝鐢辯粡钀ュ浗闄呴棿璐у竵涓氬姟鐨勯噾鋙嶆満鏋勭粍鎴愶紝鍏剁粡钀ュ唴瀹瑰寘鎷璧勯噾鍊熻捶銆佸栨眹涔板崠銆佽瘉鍒鎬拱鍗栥佽祫閲戜氦鏄撶瓑銆\r\n鈶″浗鍐呴噾鋙嶅競鍦猴紝鐢卞浗鍐呴噾鋙嶆満鏋勭粍鎴愶紝鍔炵悊鍚勭嶈揣甯併佽瘉鍒稿強浣滅敤涓氬姟媧誨姩銆傚畠鍙堝垎涓哄煄甯傞噾鋙嶅競鍦哄拰鍐滄潙閲戣瀺甯傚満錛屾垨鑰呭垎涓哄叏鍥芥с佸尯鍩熸с佸湴鏂規х殑閲戣瀺甯傚満銆\r\n錛2錛夋寜緇忚惀鍦烘墍鍙鍒嗕負錛\r\n鈶犳湁褰㈤噾鋙嶅競鍦猴紝鎸囨湁鍥哄畾鍦烘墍鍜屾搷浣滆炬柦 鐨勯噾鋙嶅競鍦猴紱\r\n鈶℃棤褰㈤噾鋙嶅競鍦猴紝浠ヨ惀榪愮綉緇滃艦寮忓瓨鍦ㄧ殑甯傚満錛岄氳繃鐢靛瓙鐢佃鎵嬫佃揪鍦ㄤ氦鏄撱\r\n錛3錛夋寜鋙嶈祫浜ゆ槗鏈熼檺鍒掑垎涓猴細\r\n鈶犻暱鏈熻祫閲戝競鍦猴紙璧勬湰甯傚満錛夛紝涓昏佷緵搴斾竴騫翠互涓婄殑涓闀挎湡璧勯噾錛屽傝偂紲ㄤ笌闀挎湡鍊哄埜鐨勫彂琛屼笌嫻侀氾紱\r\n鈶$煭鏈熻祫閲戝競鍦猴紙璐у竵甯傚満錛夛紝鏄涓騫翠互涓嬬殑鐭鏈熻祫閲戠殑鋙嶉氬競鍦猴紝濡傚悓涓氭媶鍊熴佺エ鎹璐寸幇銆佺煭鏈熷哄埜鍙婂彲杞璁╁瓨鍗曠殑涔板崠銆\r\n錛4錛夋寜浜ゆ槗鎬ц川鍒掑垎涓猴細\r\n鈶犲彂琛屽競鍦猴紝涔熺О涓綰у競鍦猴紝鏄鏂拌瘉鍒稿彂琛岀殑甯傚満錛\r\n鈶℃祦閫氬競鍦猴紝涔熺О浜岀駭甯傚満錛屾槸宸茬粡鍙戣屻佸勫湪嫻侀氫腑鐨勮瘉鍒哥殑涔板崠甯傚満銆\r\n錛5錛夋寜浜ゆ槗瀵硅薄鍒掑垎涓烘姌鍊熷競鍦恆佽創鐜板競鍦恆佸ぇ棰濆畾鏈熷瓨鍗曞競鍦恆佽瘉鍒稿競鍦猴紙鍖呮嫭鑲$エ甯傚満鍜屽哄埜甯傚満錛夈佸栨眹甯傚満銆侀粍閲戝競鍦哄拰淇濋櫓甯傚満銆\r\n錛6錛夋寜浜ゅ壊鏈熼檺鍙鍒嗕負錛\r\n鈶犻噾鋙嶇幇璐у競鍦猴紝鋙嶈祫媧誨姩鎴愪氦鍚庣珛鍗充粯嬈句氦鍓詫紱\r\n鈶¢噾鋙嶆湡璐у競鍦猴紝鎶曡瀺媧誨姩鎴愪氦鍚庢寜鍚堢害瑙勫畾鍦ㄦ寚瀹氭棩鏈熶粯嬈句氦鍓層傛寜鐓т笂榪板悇鍐呭湪鑱旂郴瀵歸噾鋙嶅競鍦鴻繘琛岀戝︾郴緇熺殑鍒掑垎錛屾槸榪涜岄噾鋙嶅競鍦烘湁鏁堢$悊鐨勫熀紜銆\r\n錛7錛夋寜浜ゆ槗鏍囩殑鐗╁垝鍒嗕負錛\r\n鈶犺揣甯佸競鍦\r\n鈶¤祫鏈甯傚満\r\n鈶㈤噾鋙嶈嶇敓鍝佸競鍦\r\n鈶e栨眹甯傚満\r\n鈶や繚闄╁競鍦\r\n鈶ラ粍閲戝強鍏朵粬鎶曡祫鍝佸競鍦\r\n錛8錛夋牴鎹鋙嶈祫鏂瑰紡鍒掑垎涓猴細\r\n鈶犵洿鎺ヨ瀺璧勫競鍦\r\n鈶¢棿鎺ヨ瀺璧勫競鍦\r\n錛9錛夋牴鎹鍏蜂綋鐨勪氦鏄撳伐鍏風被鍨嬪垝鍒嗭細\r\n鈶犲哄埜甯傚満\r\n鈶$エ鎹甯傚満\r\n鈶㈠栨眹甯傚満\r\n鈶h偂紲ㄥ競鍦\r\n鈶ら粍閲戝競鍦\r\n鈶ヤ繚闄╁競鍦\r\n綆鍗曠殑璇村氨鏄瀹冩湁鍥涘ぇ鍔熻兘錛1銆佽瀺璧 2銆佽皟鑺 3銆侀伩闄 4銆佷俊鍙\r\n1錛庨噾鋙嶅競鍦鴻兘澶熻繀閫熸湁鏁堝湴寮曞艱祫閲戝悎鐞嗘祦鍔錛屾彁楂樿祫閲戦厤緗鏁堢巼銆\r\n錛1錛夋墿澶т簡璧勯噾渚涙眰鍙屾柟鎺ヨЕ鐨勬満浼氾紝渚垮埄浜嗛噾鋙嶄氦鏄擄紝闄嶄綆浜嗚瀺璧勬垚鏈錛屾彁楂樹簡璧勯噾浣跨敤鏁堢泭銆\r\n錛2錛夐噾鋙嶅競鍦轟負絳硅祫浜哄拰鎶曡祫浜哄紑杈熶簡鏇村箍闃旂殑鋙嶈祫閫斿緞銆\r\n錛3錛夐噾鋙嶅競鍦轟負鍚勭嶆湡闄愩佸唴瀹逛笉鍚岀殑閲戣瀺宸ュ叿浜掔浉杞鎹㈡彁渚涗簡蹇呴渶鐨勬潯浠躲\r\n2錛庨噾鋙嶅競鍦哄叿鏈夊畾浠峰姛鑳斤紝閲戣瀺甯傚満浠鋒牸鐨勬嘗鍔ㄥ拰鍙樺寲鏄緇忔祹媧誨姩鐨勬櫞闆ㄨ〃銆\r\n錛1錛夐噾鋙嶈祫浜у潎鏈夌エ闈㈤噾棰濄\r\n錛2錛変紒涓氳祫浜х殑鍐呭湪浠峰尖斺斿寘鎷浼佷笟鍊哄姟鐨勪環鍊煎拰鑲′笢鏉冪泭鐨勪環鍊尖斺旀槸澶氬皯錛屽彧鏈夐氳繃閲戣瀺甯傚満浜ゆ槗涓涔板崠鍙屾柟鐩鎬簰浣滅敤鐨勮繃紼嬫墠鑳解滃彂鐜扳濄傚嵆蹇呴』浠ヨヤ紒涓氭湁鍏崇殑閲戣瀺璧勪駭鐢卞競鍦轟氦鏄撴墍褰㈡垚鐨勪環鏍間綔涓轟緷鎹鏉ヤ及浠鳳紝鑰屼笉鏄綆鍗曞湴浠ヤ細璁℃姤琛ㄧ殑璐﹂潰鏁板瓧浣滀負渚濇嵁鏉ヨ$畻銆\r\n錛3錛夐噾鋙嶅競鍦虹殑瀹氫環鍔熻兘鍚屾牱渚濆瓨浜庡競鍦虹殑瀹屽杽紼嬪害鍜屽競鍦虹殑鏁堢巼銆\r\n錛4錛夐噾鋙嶅競鍦虹殑瀹氫環鍔熻兘鏈夊姪浜庡競鍦鴻祫婧愰厤緗鍔熻兘鐨勫疄鐜般\r\n3錛庨噾鋙嶅競鍦轟負閲戣瀺綆$悊閮ㄩ棬榪涜岄噾鋙嶉棿鎺ヨ皟鎺ф彁渚涗簡鏉′歡銆\r\n錛1錛夐噾鋙嶉棿鎺ヨ皟鎺т綋緋誨繀欏諱緷闈犲彂杈劇殑閲戣瀺甯傚満浼犲間腑澶閾惰岀殑鏀跨瓥淇″彿錛岄氳繃閲戣瀺甯傚満鐨勪環鏍煎彉鍖栧紩瀵煎悇寰瑙傜粡嫻庝富浣撶殑琛屼負錛屽疄鐜拌揣甯佹斂絳栬皟鏁存剰鍥俱\r\n錛2錛夊彂杈劇殑閲戣瀺甯傚満浣撶郴鍐呴儴錛屽悇涓瀛愬競鍦轟箣闂村瓨鍦ㄩ珮搴︾浉鍏蟲с\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満\r\n錛3錛夐殢鐫鍚勭被閲戣瀺璧勪駭鍦ㄩ噾鋙嶆満鏋勫偍澶囧ご瀵稿拰嫻佸姩鎬у噯澶囨瘮鐜囩殑鎻愰珮錛岄噾鋙嶆満鏋勪細鏇村姞騫挎硾鍦頒粙鍏ラ噾鋙嶅競鍦鴻繍琛屼箣涓錛屼腑澶閾惰岄棿鎺ヨ皟鎺х殑鑼冨洿鍜屽姏搴﹀皢浼氫即闅忛噾鋙嶅競鍦虹殑鍙戝睍鑰屼笉鏂寰楀埌鍔犲己銆\r\n4錛庨噾鋙嶅競鍦虹殑鍙戝睍鍙浠ヤ績榪涢噾鋙嶅伐鍏風殑鍒涙柊銆\r\n錛1錛夐噾鋙嶅伐鍏鋒槸涓緇勯勬湡鏀剁泭鍜岄庨櫓鐩哥粨鍚堢殑鏍囧噯鍖栧戠害銆\r\n錛2錛夊氭牱鍖栭噾鋙嶅伐鍏烽氳繃瀵圭粡嫻庝腑鐨勫悇縐嶆姇璧勬墍鍥烘湁鐨勯庨櫓榪涜屾洿綺劇粏鐨勫垝鍒嗭紝浣垮緱瀵歸庨櫓鍜屾敹鐩婂叿鏈変笉鍚屽嚲濂界殑鎶曡祫鑰呰兘澶熷繪眰鍒版渶絎﹀悎鍏墮渶瑕佺殑鎶曡祫銆\r\n錛3錛夊氭牱鍖栫殑閲戣瀺宸ュ叿涔熷彲浠ヤ嬌鋙嶈祫鑰呯殑澶氭牱鍖栭渶奼傚緱鍒板敖鍙鑳藉ぇ鐨勬弧瓚熾\r\n5錛庨噾鋙嶅競鍦哄府鍔╁疄鐜伴庨櫓鍒嗘暎鍜岄庨櫓杞縐匯\r\n錛1錛夐噾鋙嶅競鍦虹殑鍙戝睍淇冧嬌灞呮皯閲戣瀺璧勪駭澶氭牱鍖栧拰閲戣瀺椋庨櫓鍒嗘暎鍖栥\r\n錛2錛夊彂灞曢噾鋙嶅競鍦哄氨涓哄眳姘戞姇璧勫氭牱鍖栥侀噾鋙嶈祫浜у氭牱鍖栧拰閾惰岄庨櫓鍒嗘暎鍖栧紑杈熶簡閬撹礬錛屼負緇忔祹鎸佺畫銆佺ǔ瀹氬彂灞曟彁渚涗簡鏉′歡銆\r\n錛3錛夊眳姘戦氳繃閫夋嫨澶氱嶉噾鋙嶈祫浜с佺伒媧昏皟鏁村墿浣欒揣甯佺殑淇濆瓨褰㈠紡錛屽炲己浜嗘姇璧勬剰璇嗗拰椋庨櫓鎰忚瘑銆\r\n6錛庨噾鋙嶅競鍦哄彲浠ラ檷浣庝氦鏄撶殑鎼滃繪垚鏈鍜屼俊鎮鎴愭湰銆\r\n錛1錛夋悳瀵繪垚鏈鏄鎸囦負瀵繪壘鍚堥傜殑浜ゆ槗瀵規柟鎵浜х敓鐨勬垚鏈銆\r\n錛2錛変俊鎮鎴愭湰鏄鍦ㄨ瘎浠烽噾鋙嶈祫浜т環鍊肩殑榪囩▼涓鎵鍙戠敓鐨勬垚鏈銆\r\n錛3錛夐噾鋙嶅競鍦哄府鍔╅檷浣庢悳瀵諱笌淇℃伅鎴愭湰鐨勫姛鑳戒富瑕佹槸閫氳繃涓撲笟閲戣瀺鏈烘瀯鍜屽挩璇㈡満鏋勫彂鎸ョ殑銆\r\n閲戣瀺甯傚満鍙浠ュ皢浼楀氭姇璧勮呯殑涔板崠鎰忔効鑱氶泦璧鋒潵錛屼嬌鍗曚釜鎶曡祫鑰呬氦鏄撶殑鎴愬姛鐜囧ぇ澧烇紝鍗沖湪鎺ュ彈甯傚満浠鋒牸鐨勫墠鎻愪笅錛岃瘉鍒哥殑涔版柟鍙浠ヤ拱鍒頒粬鎯充拱鐨勬暟閲忥紝鍗栨柟鍙浠ュ崠鍑轟粬鎯沖崠鐨勬暟閲忋備氦鏄撴墍鐨勮繖縐嶅睘鎬у叾瀹炲氨鏄嫻佸姩鎬э紝浜ゆ槗鎵鐨勬祦鍔ㄦт嬌寰楄祫鏈鍦ㄤ笉鍚岀殑鏃墮棿銆佸湴鍖哄拰琛屼笟涔嬮棿榪涜岃漿縐伙紝浣胯祫婧愬緱浠ラ厤緗銆 閲戣瀺甯傚満鍑虹幇鐨勭洰鐨勬槸鎻愪緵浜ゆ槗鐨勪究鎹鳳紝鍥犺屾祦鍔ㄦу氨鏄閲戣瀺甯傚満鐨勫熀紜緇忔祹鍔熻兘鎵鍦錛屾病鏈変簡闆嗕腑嫻佸姩鎬х殑鍔熻兘錛岄噾鋙嶅競鍦哄氨澶卞幓瀛樺湪鐨勫熀紜銆傛祦鍔ㄦх殑浣滅敤榪樹笉浠呭湪姝わ紝浣滀負浜ゆ槗鎴愭湰榪樹綋鐜板湪甯傚満瀵逛氦鏄撴満鍒剁殑閫夋嫨鍜屽彉榪佺殑鍐沖畾浣滅敤錛屽洜涓哄湪涓栫晫緇忔祹涓浣撳寲鐨勬椂浠o紝鍚勪釜閲戣瀺甯傚満闈涓寸潃嬋鐑堢殑絝炰簤錛岃屾祦鍔ㄦф槸鍏剁珵浜夊姏鐨勬渶鐩存帴浣撶幇銆傗滄祦鍔ㄦф槸濮旀墭閲忓ぇ灝忓拰棰戠巼鐨勫嚱鏁幫紝褰撴湁浜涗拱鍗栧旀墭杈撲漢鐗瑰畾鐨勪氦鏄撶郴緇熸椂錛屽皢浼氬惛寮曞叾浠栦拱鍗栧旀墭榪涗漢璇ョ郴緇燂紝鍙浠ヨ達紝嫻佸姩鎬ц兘鍚稿紩嫻佸姩鎬с"錛圧uben,1998錛夛紝鍥犳ゆ姠寰楀厛鏈鴻呭彲鐢ㄦ祦鍔ㄦф潵鍒涢犳洿澶х殑嫻佸姩鎬э紝浠庤屽湪絝炰簤涓鍗犳湁鏄庢樉鐨勬垬鐣ヤ紭鍔褲傞噾鋙嶅競鍦虹殑鐗圭偣鍖呮嫭鍊熻捶媧誨姩鐨勯泦涓鎬с佷氦鏄撳満鎵鐨勫箍娉涙с佷氦鏄撳硅薄鐨勭壒孌婃с佷氦鏄撴柟寮忕殑鐗規畩鎬с佸競鍦轟環鏍肩殑涓鑷存с